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NASA's Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) and Operation IceBridge missions investigate Greenland's thinning ice sheets from above and below.

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Greenland's thinning ice
Greenland's thinning ice

Visualization of the average yearly change in ice sheet mass during 2003-2010 over Greenland and Antarctica.

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Ice sheet mass balance from GRACE
Ice sheet mass balance from GRACE

A visualization of U.S. East Coast ocean flows

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Video: Ocean Flow Vignettes
Video: Ocean Flow Vignettes

Visualization of the formation of an El Niño event towards the end of 2009 followed by a 2010 La Niña event.

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2009 El Niño and 2010 La Niña (3D-stereoscopic version)
2009 El Niño and 2010 La Niña (3D-stereoscopic version)

Map of sea surface height measurements collected by Jason-3 during its first 10 days of orbit.

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Jason-3 begins mapping the ocean
Jason-3 begins mapping the ocean

Animation of the average yearly change in global land ice mass during 2003-2010 from all of the world's glaciers and ice caps (excluding Greenland and Antarctica).

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Global mass balance from GRACE
Global mass balance from GRACE

TOPEX-Poseidon altimeter sea level anomaly in the Pacific from August 1, 1996 to August 3, 1997.

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El Niño: TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter sea level anomaly from August 1, 1996 to August 3, 1997
El Niño: TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter sea level anomaly from August 1, 1996 to August 3, 1997

Visualization of the formation of an El Niño event towards the end of 2009 followed by a 2010 La Niña event.

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2009 El Niño and 2010 La Niña
2009 El Niño and 2010 La Niña

An animation shows global sea level trends from 1993 to 2022 as observed by several satellite missions.

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Video: Tracking 30 Years of Sea Level Rise
Video: Tracking 30 Years of Sea Level Rise

Visualization of the expanse of the annual minimum Arctic sea ice for each year from 1979 to 2014 as derived from SSMI data.

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Annual Arctic sea ice minimum 1979-2014 with area graph
Annual Arctic sea ice minimum 1979-2014 with area graph

Visualization of a gravity model created with data from NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE).

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GRACE global gravity animation
GRACE global gravity animation

This animation compares sea surface salinity (saltiness) data from two NASA datasets from 2015 to 2017.

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Animation: Sea Surface Salinity Comparison (2015-2017)
Animation: Sea Surface Salinity (Saltiness) Comparison (2015-2017)

1997 and 2015 El Niño animations made from data collected by the TOPEX/Poseidon (1997) and the OSTM/Jason-2 (2015) satellites

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El Niño: 1997 vs. 2015
El Niño: 1997 vs. 2015

Visualization of the locations of the ARGO buoy array over time (with faster camera move).

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ARGO float animation #2
ARGO float animation #2

Take a 360-degree view of an iceberg and sea ice during Operation IceBridge flights over Greenland.

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iceberg flyover
Video: Bird's eye view of an iceberg

Visualization of sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) from January 1, 2015 to January 22, 2016.

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Sea surface height anomaly
Sea surface height anomaly

Video: Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) Principal Investigator Josh Willis recaps an ambitious day out in the field.

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Oceans Melting Greenland 9/22/16 update
Oceans Melting Greenland 9/22/16 update

Animation showing mass changes over Greenland with a colorbar, graph and clock overlay.

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Greenland ice sheet mass changes from NASA GSFC GRACE mascon solutions with banded color scale
Greenland ice sheet mass changes from NASA GSFC GRACE mascon solutions with banded color scale

Visualization of monthly changes in ocean bottom pressure data obtained by the GRACE satellites from November 2002 to January 2012.

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Ocean bottom pressure from GRACE
Ocean bottom pressure from GRACE

A visualization shows ocean currents circulating Pine Island Bay and flowing under Pine Island Glacier.

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Video: Ocean Flows Under Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica
Video: Ocean Flows Under Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica

Fly in 360 degrees over Greenland’s craggy glaciers and other ice formations from NASA’s P-3 aircraft.

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glacier flyover
Video: Greenland's ice from above

Animation that uses Earth science data to measure physical oceanography parameters such as ocean currents, ocean winds, sea surface height and sea surface temperature.

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The ocean – a driving force for weather and climate
The ocean – a driving force for weather and climate

We know seas are rising and we know why. The urgent questions are by how much and how quickly. 

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Infographic: Sea level rise
Infographic: Sea level rise

Image of ocean winds near the surface as observed by NASA's ISS-RapidScat on the International Space Station.

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RapidScat observes El Niño
RapidScat observes El Niño

Animation showing “sea level fingerprints,” or patterns of rising and falling sea levels across the globe in response to changes in Earth’s gravitational and rotational fields.

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Monthly changes in gravity affect sea level
Monthly changes in gravity affect sea level